In this research line, we aim to develop and assess conceptual process designs for the supply chains and Biohubs. Additionally, we aim to develop key-performance indicators (KPI’s) for techno-economic, environmental and social impact.

We apply conceptual process design approaches and process simulation tools to generate multiple production pathways of maritime biofuels. The kinetic models of research line 2 are the starting point for process simulation and equipment sizing. The resulting mass and energy balances are then used to calculate the sustainability performance of each Biohub and full supply chain through KPI’s on techno-economic, environmental and macro-level socio-economic impact. This forms the basis for further discussion on potential synergies between local social development and feedstock security. As part of the conceptual design, we incorporate as much as possible the ‘design space’ and ‘design propositions’ derived from the stakeholders’ values analysis and case studies (research line 4).